UNIT-I
Introduction
to Biopharmaceutics
Absorption; Mechanisms of drug absorption through GIT, factors influencing drug
absorption though GIT, absorption of drug from Non per oral extra-vascular
routes, Distribution Tissue permeability of drugs, binding of drugs, apparent, volume
of drug distribution, plasma and tissue protein binding of drugs, factors affecting
protein-drug binding. Kinetics of protein binding, Clinical significance of protein
binding of drugs
UNIT- II
Elimination: Drug metabolism and basic understanding metabolic pathways renal
excretion of drugs, factors affecting renal excretion of drugs, renal clearance, Non renal
routes of drug excretion of drugs
Bioavailability and Bioequivalence: Definition and Objectives of bioavailability, absolute and relative bioavailability, measurement of bioavailability, in-vitro drug
dissolution models, in-vitro-in-vivo correlations, bioequivalence studies, methods to
enhance the dissolution rates and bioavailability of poorly soluble drugs.
UNIT- III
Pharmacokinetics: Definition and introduction to Pharmacokinetics, Compartment
models, Non compartment models, physiological models,
One compartment open
model.
(a). Intravenous Injection (Bolus)
(b). Intravenous infusion and
(c) Extra
vascular administrations. Pharmacokinetics parameters - KE ,t1/2,Vd,AUC,Ka, Clt and
CLR- definitions methods of eliminations, understanding of their significance and
application
UNIT- IV
Multicompartment models: Two compartment open model. IV bolus
Kinetics of multiple dosing, steady state drug levels, calculation of loading and
mainetnance doses and their significance in clinical settins.
UNIT- V
Nonlinear Pharmacokinetics:
a. Introduction,
b. Factors causing Non-linearity.
c. Michaelis-menton method of estimating parameters, Explanation with example of
drugs.