UNIT-I
Flow of fluids: Types of manometers, Reynolds number and its significance, Bernoulli’s theorem and its applications, Energy losses, Orifice meter,
Venturimeter, Pitot tube and Rotometer.
Size Reduction: Objectives, Mechanisms & Laws governing size reduction,
factors affecting size reduction, principles, construction, working, uses, merits and
demerits of Hammer mill, ball mill, fluid energy mill, Edge runner mill & end
runner mill.
Size Separation: Objectives, applications & mechanism of size separation,
official standards of powders, sieves, size separation Principles, construction,
working, uses, merits and demerits of Sieve shaker, cyclone separator, Air separatorr, Bag filter & elutriation tank.
UNIT-II
Heat Transfer: Objectives, applications & Heat transfer mechanisms. Fourier’s
law, Heat transfer by conduction, convection & radiation. Heat interchangers &
heat exchangers.
Evaporation: Objectives, applications and factors influencing evaporation,
differences between evaporation and other heat process. principles, construction, working, uses, merits and demerits of Steam jacketed kettle, horizontal tube
evaporator, climbing film evaporator, forced circulation evaporator, multiple
effect evaporator& Economy of multiple effect evaporator.
Distillation: Basic Principles and methodology of simple distillation,flash
distillation, fractional distillation, distillation under reduced pressure, steam
distillation & molecular distillation
UNIT- III
Drying: Objectives, applications & mechanism of drying process, measurements
& applications of Equilibrium Moisture content, rate of drying curve. principles,
construction, working, uses, merits and demerits of Tray dryer, drum dryer spray
dryer, fluidized bed dryer, vacuum dryer, freeze dryer.
Mixing: Objectives, applications & factors affecting mixing, Difference between
solid and liquid mixing, mechanism of solid mixing, liquids mixing and
semisolids mixing. Principles, Construction, Working, uses, Merits and Demerits
of Double cone blender, twin shell blender, ribbon blender, Sigma blade mixer,
planetary mixers, Propellers, Turbines, Paddles & Silverson Emulsifier,
UNIT-IV
Filtration: Objectives, applications, Theories & Factors influencing filtration,
filter aids, filter medias. Principle, Construction, Working, Uses, Merits and
demerits of plate & frame filter, filter leaf, rotary drum filter, Meta filter & Cartridge filter, membrane filters and Seidtz filter.
Centrifugation: Objectives, principle & applications of Centrifugation,
principles, construction, working, uses, merits and demerits of Perforated basket
centrifuge, Non-perforated basket centrifuge, semi continuous centrifuge & super
centrifuge.
UNIT- V
Materials of pharmaceutical plant construction, Corrosion and its
prevention: Factors affecting during materials selected for Pharmaceutical plant
construction, Theories of corrosion, types of corrosion and there prevention.
Ferrous and nonferrous metals, inorganic and organic non metals, basic of
material handling systems.