UNIT I
Benzene and its derivatives
A. Analytical, synthetic and other evidences in the derivation of structure
of benzene, Orbital picture, resonance in benzene, aromatic
characters, Huckel’s rule
B. Reactions of benzene - nitration, sulphonation, halogenation-
reactivity, Friedelcrafts alkylation- reactivity, limitations,
Friedelcrafts acylation.
C. Substituents, effect of substituents on reactivity and orientation of
mono substituted benzene compounds towards electrophilic
substitution reaction
D. Structure and uses of DDT, Saccharin, BHC and Chloramine
UNIT II
Phenols* - Acidity of phenols, effect of substituents on acidity, qualitative
tests, Structure and uses of phenol, cresols, resorcinol, naphthols
Aromatic Amines* - Basicity of amines, effect of substituents on basicity, and synthetic uses of aryl diazonium salts
Aromatic Acids* –Acidity, effect of substituents on acidity and
important reactions of benzoic acid.
UNIT III
Fats and Oils
a. Fatty acids – reactions.
b. Hydrolysis, Hydrogenation, Saponification and Rancidity of oils, Drying
oils.
c. Analytical constants – Acid value, Saponification value, Ester value,
Iodine value, Acetyl value, Reichert Meissl (RM) value – significance and
principle involved in their determination.
UNIT IV
Polynuclear hydrocarbons:
a. Synthesis, reactions
b. Structure and medicinal uses of Naphthalene, Phenanthrene, Anthracene, Diphenylmethane, Triphenylmethane and their derivatives
UNIT V
Cyclo alkanes*
Stabilities – Baeyer’s strain theory, limitation of Baeyer’s strain theory, Coulson and Moffitt’s modification, Sachse Mohr’s theory (Theory of
strainless rings), reactions of cyclopropane and cyclobutane only