7.1 Barbiturates exert the following actions except:
A. Anticonvulsant
B. Analgesic
C. Antianxiety
D. Respiratory depressant
27.2 The mechanism of action of barbiturates differs
from that of benzodiazepines in that they:
A. Do not affect the GABA-benzodiazepine receptor-chloride channel complex
B. Act as inverse agonists at the benzodiazepine receptor
C. Increase the frequency of chloride channel opening without affecting its life time
D. Have both GABA-facilitatory as well as
GABA-mimetic actions
27.3 Which of the following processes plays the major
role in terminating the action of phenobarbitone:
A. Biliary excretion
B. Renal excretion
C. Hepatic metabolism
D. Redistribution
27.4 Currently barbiturates are primarily used as:
A. Hypnotic
B. Sedative
C. Antiepileptic
D. Preanaesthetic medicant
27.5 Benzodiazepines differ from barbiturates in the
following aspects except:
A. They have a steeper dose response curve
B. They have higher therapeutic index
C. They have lower abuse liability
D. They do not induce microsomal drug metabolizing enzymes
27.6 Hypnotic benzodiazepines increase the period of
time spent in the following stage of sleep:
A. Stage II
B. Stage III
C. Stage IV
D. REM stage
27.7 Select the correct statement about benzodiazepines (BZDs):
A. All BZDs facilitate GABA mediated Cl¯ influx into neurones
B. Different BZDs exert the same degrees of hypnotic, anxiolytic and anticonvulsant
actions
C. The BZD receptor is homogeneous at all neuronal sites
D. The muscle relaxant action of BZDs is not blocked by flumazenil
27.8 Hypnotic dose of diazepam produces the following action:
A. Tachycardia
B. Constipation
C. Hyperalgesia
D. Decreased nocturnal gastric secretion
27.9 The primary mechanism of action of benzodiazepines is:
A. Dopamine antagonism
B. Adenosine antagonism
C. Opening of neuronal chloride channels
D. Facilitation of GABA-mediated chloride influx
27.10 Select the drug that antagonises diazepam action noncompetitively:
A. Adenosine
B. Flumazenil
C. Bicuculline
D. Valproic acid
27.11 The following drugs exert their action through the
GABAA-benzodiazepine–receptor Cl¯ channel complex except:
A. Baclofen
B. Zolpidem
C. Bicuculline
D. Phenobarbitone
27.12 At a single hypnotic dose, the pharmacokinetics of
diazepam is characterised by:
A. Slow elimination and little redistribution
B. Slow elimination with marked redistribution
C. Rapid elimination and marked redistribution
D. Ultra rapid elimination
27.13 The following is a very potent and short acting
benzodiazepine whose use as hypnotic has been
noted to cause psychiatric disturbances in some
cases:
A. Flurazepam
B. Nitrazepam
C. Temazepam
D. Triazolam
27.14 Which of the following statements is not true of zopiclone:
A. It is a nonbenzodiazepine hypnotic with efficacy and safety similar to benzodiazepines
B. It does not produce rebound sleep disturbances on discontinuation
C. It does not act by potentiating GABA
D. It is used to wean off insomniacs from regular benzodiazepine use
27.15 Choose the drug that has been found to be more
selective for the ω1 subtype of BZD receptor, and
produces hypnotic action but little antianxiety,
muscle relaxant or anticonvulsant actions:
A. Zopiclone
B. Zolpidem
C. Flumazenil
D. Melatonin
27.16 Zolpidem differs from diazepam in that:
A. It is safer in overdose than diazepam
B. Its hypnotic action shows little fading on repeated nightly use
C. It causes more marked suppression of REM sleep
D. It has more potent muscle relaxant action
27.17 Diazepam is indicated in the following conditions except:
A. Generalized tonic-clonic (grand mal) epilepsy
B. Tetanus
C. Febrile convulsions
D. Cardiac catheterization
27.18 The following drug is used to reverse the CNS depression produced by diazepam:
A. Dexamphetamine
B. Doxapram
C. Physostigmine
D. Flumazenil
27.19 Select the correct statement about flumazenil:
A. It is a CNS stimulant used as an antidote for benzodiazepine poisoning
B. It is a CNS depressant but blocks the action of diazepam
C. It has no CNS effect of its own but blocks the
depressant effects of benzodiazepines as well
as barbiturates
D. It has no CNS effect of its own but blocks the
depressant effect of diazepam as well as stimulant
effect of beta carbolines
27.20 The general principles in the use of hypnotics include the following except:
A. A hypnotic may be used intermittently for
upto 2-3 weeks in short-term insomnia due
to emotional stress
B. In patients with chronic insomnia a hypnotic should be used regularly
C. All hypnotics aggravate sleep apnoea
D. A hypnotic with slow elimination is preferred
in patients with early morning awakening
27.21 Which of the following is not a CNS depressant but
increases the tendency to fall asleep at night:
A. Pyridoxine
B. Diphenhydramine
C. Melatonin
D. Ethanol
Ans:
27.1 B 27.2D 27.3 B 27.4 C 27.5 A 27.6 A 27.7 A 27.8D 27.9D 27.10 C 27.11 A 27.12 B 27.13D 27.14 C 27.15 B 27.16 B 27.17 A 27.18D 27.19D 27.20 B 27.21 C