Chromatography: Classification, Basic Terms
Chromatography :-
Definition :-
chromatography is the method of separation of components from complex mixture
by a continuous distribution of the compenent between two phase.
Two phase are 1.
Stationary phases 2. Mobile phase ( moving on stationary phase)
Chromatography meaning
is colour writing.
Force
that involve in chromatography :-
- Electrostatic force
- Hydrogen bonding force
- London force
Basic
term of Chromatography :-
- Analyte :- substance for
separation.
- Elution :- is a process of
removing adsorbed material from stationary phase by the movement of mobile
phase.
- Eluent :- It is a solvent that
used for separation of absorbed material from stationary phase.
- Eluate :- is a liquid solution
that is a result from Elution.
- Chromatogram :- It is a
graphical represention of Chromatography. Solute concentration vs Elution
time ot Elution volume.
- Counter current chromatography
( ccc) :- is a type of liquid- liquid Chromatography where m.p. and s.p
both are liquid.
- Polar compound :- A compound
that hold by stationary phase
- Non polar compound :- A
compound moving by Mobile phase.
- Reversed phase is only
chromatography that m.p. has more polar compound than stationary phase.
- Retention Time :- Time required
to elute one half of the compound from the column as indicated by peak
maximum.
- Retention volume :- volume of
m.p. required to elute one half of the compound from the column as
indicated by peak maximum.
- Non Hazardous substitution for
RIA is HPLC.
Classification
of Chromatography :-
1.
Classification based on Method geometry or type of separation bed used :-
A. Planar
chromatography :- paper and thin layer Chromatography
B. Column
chromatography :- GC, HPLC and SFC
2.
Classified based on type of mobile phase or stationary phase
A. Stationary phase :-
HPLC and GLC
B. Stationary phase :-
GSC
3.
Classification according to the mechanism of separation :-
A. Adsorption
chromatography :- GSC
B. Partition
Chromatography :- liquid liquid Chromatography
C. Affinity
chromatography
D. Ion exchange
chromatography