GPAT-MCQS-SERIES PART-3 Endocrine PHARMACOLOGY

 

GPAT-MCQS-SERIES

PART-3

Endocrine PHARMACOLOGY

Jsmasipharmacy.blogspot.com

 

SYLLABUS: Basic concepts in endocrine pharmacology. Hypothalamic and pituitary hormones. Thyroid hormones and ant thyroid drugs, Parathormone, Calcitonin and vitamin-D. Insulin, oral hypoglycemic agents and glucagon. ACTH and corticosteroids. Androgens and anabolic steroids. Estrogens, progesterone and oral contraceptives. Drugs acting on the uterus.

 

1. Correct statement regarding testosterone include all except

(a) It is converted by 5α-reductase to active dihydrotestosterone

(b) It is inactivated in liver

(c) It causes gynecomastia and cholestatic hepatitis

(d) It increases the excretion of water and sodium

 

2. Which of the following steroid is not a mineralocorticoid?

(a) Hydrocortisone

(b) Desoxycorticosterone

(c) Spironlactone

(d) Fludrocortisone

 

3. Which of the thyroid preparation is preferred for the maintenance of replacement therapy?

(a) Thyrotropin (b) Thyroglobulin (c) Liothyronine sodium (d) Iodine

 

4. Which of the following insulin preparation has the longest duration of action?

(a) Semilente (b) Isophane (c) Lente (d) Protamine zinc

 

5. All of the following drugs bind to specific receptors in the cytoplasm of sensitive cells except

(a) Cortisol (b) Dexamethasone (c) ACTH (d) Triamcinolone

 

6. The use of oral contraceptives by premenopausal women was associated with

(a) Vaginal adenosis

(b) Precocious puberty

(c) Endometrial carcinoma

(d) Hirsutism

 

7. Principle source of oestrogen in postmenopausal women is

(a) Placenta (b) Ovary (c) Adipose tissue (d) Adrenal gland

 

8. Glucocorticoids can _____________

(a) Elevate the plasma concentration of glucagons

(b) Produce deposition of glycogen in the liver

(c) Produce peculiar alteration in fat distribution

(d) All of the above

 

9. Which of the following agent can be used diagnostically to distinguish between pseudo hypoparathyroidism and hypoparathyroidism?

(a) Calcitriol (b) Calcitonin (c) P TH (d) NaF

 

10. Correct statement(s) regarding thyroid- stimulating hormone include(s)

(a) Stimulates the thyroid adenylcyclase

(b) Enhances the production of diacylglycerol

(c) Induces a rise in cytosolic calcium

(d) All of the above

 

11. All of the following organs concentrate iodide except

(a) Mammary gland (b) Placenta (c) Uterus (d) Skin

 

12. A subunit of gonadotropins commonly contains

(a) Serine-linked carbohydrate moiety

(b) Glycogen-linked polysaccharide chain

(c) Asparagine-linked oilgosaccharide chain

(d) None of the above

 

13. All of the following may enhance the action of sulfonylureas except

(a) Clofibrate (b) Salicylates

(c) Ethanol (d) Prednisolone

 

14. Cyanosis and potential cyanide poisoning are possible with

(a) Nitroglycerin (b) Nitroprusside (c) Nitrofurantoin (d) Nitrous oxide

 

15. In insulin-dependent diabetic patient to control severe ketoacidosis, which of the following antidiabetic agent is used?

(a) Tolbutamide (b) Protamine zine insulin

(c) Isophane (d) Crystalline zinc insulin

 

16. Bromocriptine is used to treat amenorrhoea because

(a) It stimulates the ovary

(b) It stimulates the GRH release

(c) It suppresses the prolactin release

(d) It stimulates FSH release

 

17. Most serious adverse effect of antithyroid drug, propylthiouracil is

(a) Drug fever (b) Agranulocytosis

(c) Alopecia (d) Nephritis

 

18. The mechanism of action of sulfonyl urea is that they

(a) Decrease degradation of glucose

(b) Lower the blood glucose concentration by producing insulin-like effect

(c) Stimulate the release of insulin from B cells of pancreas

(d) Increase glucose utilization in the periphery

 

19. Minipill containing only progesterone was introduced because

(a) It is more effective than combinel pill

(b) Progesterone alone causes more regular menstrual cycle

(c) Progesterone alone less likely causes cerebral and coronary thrombosis

(d) All of the above

 

20. The action of chlorpropamide is that it

(a) Increases glycogenolysis

(b) Increases peripheral utilization of glucose

(c) Increases insulin secretion

(d) All of the above

 

21. Hormones that increase cyclic AMP in the larger organ include all except

(a) Prolactin (b) F S H (c) LH (d) Vasopressin

 

22. The use of oestrogen antagonist clomiphene can lead to

(a) Ovarian hyperstimulation (b) Multiple pregnancy (c) Both (d) None

 

23. Undesirable effects of oral contraceptives include all except

(a) Hypertension (b) Cerebral thrombosis (c) Dysmenorrhoea (d) Breast carcinoma

 

24. Tolbutamide is contraindicated in

(a) IDDM (b) Pregnancy (c) Renal insufficiency (d) All of the above

 

25. Which of the following may be induced by long-term use of glucocorticoids?

(a) Psychosis (b) Subcapsular cataracts

(c) Osteoporosis (d) All of the above

 

26. Clomiphene is used to treat infertility because it

(a) Stimulates LH secretion

(b) Stimulates folicular development

(c) Stimulates ovulation

(d) None of the above

 

27. Dantrolene sodium (Dantrium) is used to treat

 (a) Hypertension (b) Malignant hyperthermia (c) Malignant hypertension (d) Cancer

 

28. Which of the following oral hypoglycemic agent causes lactic acidosis?

(a) Tolbutamide (b) Acetohexamide (c) Tolazemide (d) Phenformin

 

29. Tolbutamide increases

(a) Insulin synthesis

(b) Sensitivity of receptors

(c) Number of insulin receptor

(d) All of the above

 

30. Which of the following sulfonylurea least bound to plasma protein?

(a) Tolbutamide (b) Glipizide (c) Acetohexamide (d) Chlorpropamide

 

31. Oxytocin is a

(a) Pentapeptide (b) Heptapeptide (c) Octapeptide (d) Decapeptide

 

32. First-generation sulfonylureas include all the following except

(a) Acetohexamide (b) Glipizide (c) Tolazamide (d) Tolbutamide

 

33. Which of the following preparation has both progestinic and oestrogenic effects?

(a) Metroxyprogesterone acetate

(b) Hydroxy progesterone caproate

(c) Norgestrel

(d) Megestrol acetate

 

34. Antithyroid drugs except ___________ clinical utility.

(a) Propylthiouracil (b) Pottasium thiocyanate (c) Methimazole (d) Carbimazole

 

35. Mechanism of action of oestrogen is through

(a) Intracytoplasmic receptors

(b) Nuclear receptor

(c) Mitochondrial receptor

(d) Cellmembrane receptor

 

36. Insulin causes decrease in the circulating concentration of all amino acids except

(a) Phenylalanine (b) Histidine (c) Alanine (d) Arginine

 

37. The syndrome of acute salicylate overdose in children is characterized by

(a) Peripheral edema

(b) Marked hypothermia secondary to an antipyretic effect

(c) Fever

(d) Disturbance in acid–base and electrolyte balance

 

38. Which is the treatment of choice for myxoedemacoma (emergency treatment)?

(a) Thyroxine (b) Glucocorticoids

(c) Methimazole (d) Liothyroxine

 

39. Which of the pair(s) is/are correct?

(a) Bronchodilator–omalizumab

(b) Mast cell stablizers–ketotifen

(c) Leukotriene antagonist–montelukast

(d) Both b and c

 

40. Which hormone is released at all postganglionic sympathetic fiber?

(a) Adrenaline (b) Noradrenaline

(c) Dopamine (d) Acetylcholine

 

41. Following statements are true except

(a) Prolactin is a milk-synthesizing hormone

(b) Oxytocin is a milk-ejecting hormone

(c) ACTH inhibits steroidgenesis in adrenal cortex

(d) Growth hormone secretion decreases –and gigantism Occurs

 

42. Drug that lacks the sulfonylurea moiety but stimulates insulin secretion by blocking the sulfonylurea receptor on KATP channels in pancreatic β cells is

(a) Repaglinide (b) Rosiglitazone

(c) Glipizide (d) Metformine

 

43. There are only rare reports of hepatotixicity with currently marketed thiazolidinedione, ____________.

(a) Ciglitazone (b) Pioglitazone

(c) Troglitazone (d) None of above

 

44. Which drug may decrease iodide uptake by thyroid?

(a) Repaglinide (b) Rosiglitazone

(c) Glipizide (d) Tolbutamide

 

45. Radioiodine emits which particles in treatment of hyperthyroidism?

(a) α particle (b) β particle

(c) γ particle (d) None of above

 

46. The inactive derivative of progesterone is

(a) 17-α-hydroxyl progesterone

(b) Hydroxy progesterone caproate

 (c) Medroxy progesterone

(d) Chlormedione acetate

 

47. The steroid metabolite that acts as main regulator of gonadotrophin secretion is __________.

(a) Testosterone (b) Androstenolone

(c) Androstanediol (d) Androstenediol

 

48. The steroid having role in promoting maturation of the lung in foetus is

(a) Androgen (b) Estrogen

(c) Progestine (d) Glucocorticoids

 

49. Which of the followings are naturally occurring female hormones?

(a) Estradiol (b) Estriol

(c) Mestranol (d) Estrone

 

50. Receptors for steroid hormones can be found in the

(a) Plasma membrane

(b) Cytosol

(c) Mitochondria

(d) Ribosomes

 

51. The binding of insulin to the insulin receptor triggers

(a) The interaction of the receptor with protein G

(b) The activation of adenylcyclase

(c) The activation of phospholipase C

(d) Tyrosine kinase activity

 

52. Gout is characterized by elevated uric acid concentrations in blood and urine due to a variety of metabolic abnormalities that lead to the overproduction of purine nucleotides. Allopurinol is used in the treatment of gout because this drug, and its metabolic product, alloxanthine, act as inhibitors of

(a) Xanthine oxidase

(b) PRPP synthatase

(c) Adenyl succinate synthase

(d) Hypoxanthine guanine phosphorybosil transferase

 

53. The accumulation of __________ in the lens produces cataracts in diabetic patients:

(a) Glucose (b) Galactose

(c) Galactitol (d) Sorbitol

 

54. Which of the following increases the tissue sensitivity to insulin?

(a) Acarbose (b) Gliclazide

(c) Rosiglitazone (d) Metformine

 

55. Which of the following drug increases the sensitivity of β-cells to glucose?

(a) Rosiglitazone (b) Tolbutamaide (c) Acarbose (d) None of the above

 

56. Which of the following is IL-1 antagonist?

(a) Auranofin (b) Etanercept

(c) Anakinra (d) Prednisolone

 

57. Drug for therapy of acromegaly (a condition in which there is oversecretion of growth hormone in an adult) and of bleeding oesophageal varices is ____________.

(a) Vasopresine (b) Cabergoline

(c) Quinagolide (d) Octreotide

 

58. Which drugs increase ADH effect?

(a) Lithium (b) Colchicine

(c) Vinca alkaloid (d) All of above

 

59. Warfarin interacts with this antiasthmatic drug and increases prothrombin time

(a) Budesonide (b) Zafirlukast

(c) Salmeterol (d) Bambuterol

 

60. Desmopressin

(a) Increases factor X

(b) Increases factor V

(c) Increases factor VIII activity

(d) Can be used to improve haemostasis in haemophilia

 

61. Which of the following is true for the plasma half-life of heparin?

(a) Clearance affected by warfarin

(b) Depends on site of injection

(c) Less for low MW heparins

(d) Depends on dose given

 

62. Oxytocin

(a) Is a ringed octapeptide

(b) Has ADH-like effect

(c) Effects on uterus antagonized by beta agonists

(d) None of above

 

63. The gonadal hormones like estrogens, androgens and progestin bind with:

(a) Receptors located in the cytoplasm

(b) Receptors located in the nucleus of the cell

(c) Receptors located in the contractile vacuoles

(d) None of the above

 

64. Mechanism of action of antithrombic agent is,

(a) Conversion of plasminogen to plasmin

(b) Activation of clotting factors

(c) Inhibition platelet function

 (d) Agonist of vitamin K

 

65. Which hormone is released at all postganglionic sympathetic fiber?

(a) Adrenaline (b) Dopamine

(c) Noradrenaline (d) Isoprenaline

 

66. Which of the following statement is incorrect?

(a) Histamine injected means triple response

(b) Betahistine H1 selective histamine analogue

(c) Cetrizine is metabolite of hydroxyzine

(d) Terfenadineopen is the K+ rectifier channel

 

67. Deficiency of which of the following causes respiratory distress syndrome?

(a) Phosphetidylserine

(b) Sphingomyelin

(c) Plasmogens

(d) Dipalmitoyllecithin

 

68. Which of the following act as mucolytic?

(a) Guaiphenesin (b) Noscapine

(c) Ephedrine (d) Bromhexine

 

69. ________ is a 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor.

(a) Zarfirlucast (b) Zileuton

(c) lmontelukast (d) None of above

 

70. Which of the following is LOX inhibitor?

(a) Zileuton (b) Zafirlukast

(c) Montelukast (d) c & b both

 

Answer Keys

1. (d) 2. (c) 3. (c) 4. (d) 5. (c) 6. (c) 7. (c) 8. (d) 9. (c) 10. (d) 11. (c) 12. (c) 13. (d) 14. (b) 15. (d) 16. (c) 17. (b) 18. (c) 19. (c) 20. (c) 21. (a) 22. (c) 23. (c) 24. (d) 25. (c) 26. (c) 27. (b) 28. (d) 29. (b) 30. (d) 31. (c) 32. (b) 33. (c) 34. (b) 35. (b) 36. (c) 37. (a) 38. (d) 39. (d) 40. (a) 41. (d) 42. (a) 43. (b) 44. (d) 45. (b) 46. (b) 47. (d) 48. (a) 49. (d) 50. (b) 51. (d) 52. (a) 53. (d) 54. (c) 55. (b) 56. (c) 57. (d) 58. (d) 59. (b) 60. (c) 61. (d) 62. (a) 63. (b) 64. (a) 65. (a) 66. (d) 67. (d) 68. (d) 69. (b) 70. (a)