19.1 The Na+ retaining action of aldosterone is exerted on the:
A. Proximal convoluted tubule
B. Ascending limb of loop of Henle
C. Cortical diluting segment
D. Distal convoluted tubule
19.2 Aldosterone enhances Na+ reabsorption in renal tubules by:
A. Stimulating carbonic anhydrase
B. Activating Na+ K+ ATPase
C. Inducing the synthesis of Na+ K+ ATPase
D. Inducing renal prostaglandin synthesis
19.3 Hydrocortisone exerts the following actions:
A. Increases both K+ and Ca2+ excretion
B. Decreases both K+ and Ca2+ excretion
C. Decreases K+ but increases Ca2+ excretion
D. Increases K+ but decreases Ca2+ excretion
19.4 Adverse consequences of excess mineralocorticoid action include the following except:
A. Na+ and water retention
B. Acidosis
C. Aggravation of CHF associated myocardial fibrosis
D. Rise in blood pressure
19.5 Glucocorticoids impair carbohydrate tolerance by:
A. Promoting gluconeogenesis in liver
B. Depressing glucose uptake into skeletal muscles
C. Inhibiting insulin secretion
D. Both A and B are correct
19.6 Corticosteroids exert antiinflammatory action by inhibiting the following enzyme:
A. Cyclooxygenase
B. Lipoxygenase
C. Phospholipase-A
D. Phosphodiesterase
19.7 Hydrocortisone induces the synthesis of the following protein which in turn inhibits the enzyme phospholipase- A2:
A. Heat shock protein-90
B. Inhibin
C. Transcortin
D. Lipocortin
19.8 The glucocorticoid receptor is located:
A. On the outer surface of the cell membrane
B. On the inner surface of the cell membrane
C. In the cytoplasm
D. Inside the nucleus
19.9 The most important mechanism of antiinflammatory action of glucocorticoids is:
A. Inhibition of lysosomal enzymes
B. Restriction of recruitment of inflammatory cells at the site of inflammation
C. Antagonism of action of interleukins
D. Suppression of complement function
19.10 The following glucocorticoid has significant mineralocorticoid activity also:
A. Hydrocortisone
B. Triamcinolone
C. Dexamethasone
D. Betamethasone
19.11 Select the corticosteroid with the lowest oral: parenteral activity ratio:
A. Prednisolone
B. Methyl prednisolone
C. Hydrocortisone
D. Dexamethasone
19.12 Dexamethasone differs from prednisolone in that it is:
A. Longer acting
B. More potent
C. More selective
D. All of the above
19.13 A patient being treated with 20 mg prednisolone daily has to be shifted on to dexamethasone. What should be his daily dose of dexamethasone:
A. 0.75 mg
B. 3 mg
C. 10 mg
D. 40 mg
19.14 Select the compound that is preferred for high dose intravenous corticosteroid pulse therapy:
A. Cortisone
B. Hydrocortisone
C. Triamcinolone
D. Methyl prednisolone
19.15 The corticosteroid preferred for replacement therapy in Addison’s disease is:
A. Aldosterone
B. Fludrocortisone
C. Hydrocortisone
D. Betamethasone
19.16 The following form of corticosteroid therapy carries the maximum adverse effect potential:
A. Prednisolone 20 mg/day oral for one year
B. Prednisolone 60 mg/day oral for 7 days
C. Dexamethasone 4 mg intravenous twice daily for 3 days
D. Methyl-prednisolone 1000 mg intravenous single dose
19.17 Corticosteroid therapy can aggravate the following disorders except:
A. Congenital adrenal hyperplasia
B. Diabetes mellitus
C. Hypertension
D. Peptic ulcer
19.18 A patient of chronic bronchial asthma maintained on
oral prednisolone 20 mg daily and inhaled salbutamol
as required develops chest infection. Which of
the following measures is recommended:
A. Stop prednisolone
B. Reduce prednisolone dose to 5 mg/day
C. No change/increase in prednisolone dose
D. Substitute prednisolone with inhaled budesonide
19.19 Corticosteroid therapy is practically mandatory in the following condition:
A. Septic shock
B. Renal transplant
C. Rheumatoid arthritis
D. Ulcerative colitis
19.20 For limiting cerebral edema due to brain tumour, the
preferred corticosteroids are betamethasone/dexamethasone
because:
A. They do not cause Na+ and water retention
B. They are more potent
C. They can be administered intravenously
D. They inhibit brain tumours
19.21 Along with effective antimicrobial therapy, corticosteroids
are indicated in the following infective
conditions except:
A. Tubercular meningitis
B. Severe P. carinii pneumonia in AIDS patient
C. Herpes simplex keratitis
D. Erythema nodosum leprosum
19.22 Systemic corticosteroid therapy is not used routinely and is reserved only for severe cases of:
A. Exfoliative dermatitis
B. Posterior uveitis
C. Acute rheumatic fever
D. Hodgkin’s disease
19.23 The following adverse effect of corticosteroids is mainly due to their mineralocorticoid action:
A. Osteoporosis
B. Rise in blood pressure
C. ‘Moon face’
D. Increased susceptibility to infection (p. 264)
19.24 Which of the following bones is affected more by glucocorticoid induced osteoporosis:
A. Lumber vertebra
B. Humerus
C. Radius
D. Femur
19.25 After chronic systemic therapy, withdrawal of corticosteroids should be gradual because:
A. Corticosteroids produce psychological dependence
B. Abrupt withdrawal may reactivate the underlying disease
C. Abrupt withdrawal produces rebound hypertension
D. All of the above are correct
19.26 The following measure can minimise pituitary-adrenal
suppression during long-term corticosteroid therapy:
A. Use of betamethasone in place of prednisolone
B. Use of prednisolone on alternate days
C. Division of the daily dose in three equal 8 hourly doses
D. Administration of the total daily dose at bed time
Ans:
19.1 D 19.2 C 19.3 A 19.4 B 19.5 D 19.6 C 19.7 D 19.8 C 19.9 B 19.10 A 19.11 C 19.12 D 19.13 B 19.14 D 19.15 C 19.16 A 19.17 A 19.18 C 19.19 B 19.20 A 19.21 C 19.22 C 19.23 B 19.24 A 19.25 B 19.26 B
Thank you for sharing knowledge
ReplyDeleteE-pharmacy market in India